su and sudo – Substitute or Super?

What does it mean?

Found an interesting thread on reddit where one person described sudo as Super User Do and was corrected by someone else, saying it was Substitute User Do – in the sense that the substitute user is one whom has permission to do root-ish activities.  I know that the sudoers file determines what rights (in most cases, all) the sudo user has available to them, but I honestly never thought about it being “substitute” instead of “super.”  I also thought that “su” simply elevated you to “super user.”

In case you’re new to this, the difference between “su” and “sudo” is that “su” elevates you to root, and stays in that setting until you type “exit” at the bash prompt:

turngren@linux$ su
password: *************
root@linux# command <as root
root@linux# another command <as root
root@linux# exit
turngren@linux$

Sudo, on the other hand, only works for the following command:

turngren@linux$ dnf update
(message that root needs to perform this)
turngren@linux$ sudo dnf update <performs as root
password: ***************
turngren@linux$ lsblk <performed as regular user

So I did some quick googling, and I’m finding plenty of sources that go both ways.  I wonder which is technically correct?

The Beauty of the Home Directory

So…long story short, I hosed my main system.  I think it happened when I was trying to troubleshoot a problem with the newer version of the kernel.  But I learned something about the home directory that may seem obvious to many.

If you look at one of my last posts (it’s been a little while…sorry…) you’ll see where I used the FedUp utility to upgrade my main machine from Fedora 21 to Fedora 22.  Everything worked really smoothly.  I was worried since I had read a few things about the kernel mods used by the Nvidia driver (I have a GTX 780TI) had trouble with kernel upgrades.  But, it hadn’t given me trouble between 3.17-4.0.4, so I thought everything was fine.

Continue reading The Beauty of the Home Directory